河南省对口升学英语语法专题复习五、冠词
冠词
复习要点提纲:
一、冠词的分类
1、定冠词the
2、不定冠词a/an
3、零冠词 \
二、知识点
熟练掌握定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的用法
复习内容:
冠词
用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。
熟练掌握定冠词the、不定冠词a/an和零冠词的基本用法。
① 定冠词“the”的用法
- 与名词连用,表示某个或某些特定的人或事物。如:
Many people come here to visit the temple. 很多人来这里参观这座寺庙。
Please hand me the book on the desk. 请把桌上的书递给我。
- 用于指说话双方都知道的人或事物。如:
Open the window, please. 请把窗户打开。
Where are the children? They are over there. 孩子们在哪儿?他们在那边。
- 用于乐器名词前。如:
play the piano(弹钢琴),play the violin(拉小提琴)
- 用于世界上独一无二的事物及表示江、河、湖、海、山脉、群岛的名词前。如:
the sun(太阳),the moon(月亮),the earth(地球),the sky(天空)
the Yangtze River(长江),the Pacific(太平洋),the West Lake(西湖),the Taiwan Straits(台湾海峡)
e.用于某些名词或形容词前,表示一类人、一个民族、阶级或阶层。如:
the Chinese(中国人),the old(老人),the young(年轻人),the rich(富人),the poor(穷人),the wounded (受伤的人),the deaf(聋子)
- 用在序数词前表示顺序。如:
the third floor(三楼),the first lesson(第一课)
- 用在形容词、副词的最高级前。如:
the longest river(最长的河),the most beautiful campus(最美丽的校园)
- 与姓氏的复数形式连用,表示其全家人或夫妇两人。如:
the Smiths 史密斯一家/史密斯夫妇,the Browns 布朗一家人/布朗夫妇。
- 用在普通名词构成的专有名词前。如:
the Capital Theatre(首都剧院),the Great Wall(长城)
- 用于单数可数名词前表示一类人和事物。如:
The panda is a kind of rare animal. 熊猫是一种稀有动物。
k.固定词组搭配,如:in the middle of…(在……中间),tell the truth(说真话)
- “the +比较级,the +比较级”表示越来越。如:
The more I read the book, the more I like it. 这本书我越看越喜欢。
- 上文提到的人或物。如:
This is a book. The book is mine. 这是一本书,这本书是我的。
② 不定冠词“a”和“an”的用法
a.用来表示数量“一”,意思同one。如:
I have an English dictionary and two Chinese dictionaries. 我有一本英语词典、两本汉语词典。
b.用来表示“某个”,“任何一个”,“每一”。如:
A gentleman wants to see you. 有一位先生想见你。
He goes back home twice a week. 他每周回家两次。
c.用在单数可数名词前,表示某一类人或事物中的一个。如:
I want to be a doctor in the future. 我以后想成为一名医生。
A dog is man’ s good friend. 狗是人类的好朋友。
- 构成词组或成语。如: a little / a few / a lot of / a kind of / a great many / many a / as a result / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while /have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on/ have a try/ have a rest等。
注意:a用在以辅音开始的单词前,如a boy, a student, a family, a university等。an用在以元音开始的单词前,如:an apple, an oil field, an egg, an ill man等。
③ 零冠词的用法
a.名词前有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, many, these等时,不用冠词。如:
This is your hat. 这是你的帽子。
He has many books. 他有很多书。
b.表示抽象概括意义时不可数名词和复数名词使用零冠词。如:
Books are my best friends. 书是我的好朋友。
Water boils at 100℃. 水在摄氏100度沸腾。
c.在称呼语和表示头衔或职务的名词前不用任何冠词。如:
What’s the matter, Uncle? 叔叔,您怎么了?
Professor Wang just came back from the United States. 王教授刚从美国回来。
d.含有day的节日名词前不用任何冠词。如:
New Year’s Day(元旦),Teachers’ Day(教师节),Children’s Day(儿童节),Mother’s Day(母亲节),Women’s Day(妇女节),National Day(国庆节)
e.球类运动、棋类游戏或表示三餐的名词前不用任何冠词,如:
He likes playing basketball and football. 他喜欢打篮球、踢足球。
We have breakfast at 7:00 every morning. 我们每天早上七点吃早餐。
f.专有名词前不用任何冠词。如:
China(中国),Class One (一班),Grade Three(三年级),Zhengzhou(郑州)
g.表示季节、月份或星期的名词前不用任何冠词。如:
I like go skating in winter. 我冬天喜欢滑冰。
She was born on November 29th, 1978. 她生于1978年11月29日。
We don’t have English class on Friday. 星期五我们没有英语课。
- 表示交通工具和学科名称的名词前不加冠词。如:
by car(坐汽车) by ship(坐船) on foot(步行)
English(英语) French(法语) chemistry(化学) physics(物理)
i.固定词组搭配,如:at home(在家) go to bed(去睡觉) by mistake(出错) go to school(去上学) at table(吃饭) at school(在学校)
冠词专项练习
( )46._____ arrived at ten in the afternoon.
A.The Black B.The Blacks’ C.The Black’s D.The Blacks
( )47._____ young must look after ______ old.
A.The; a B.The; the C.A; a D.A; the
( )48.He wants to be _____ engineer when he leaves school.
A.an B.the C.a D./
( )49.Please don’t park your car here. Look at _____sign. It says “No parking”.
A.a B.the C.an D./
( )50.—Did you do well in ______ English exam last week?
—Yes, I got _____“A”.
A.an; the B.the; an C.a; / D.the ; a
( )51. I used to work in ______university, but now I work for ______ government.
A.an; / B.an; the C.a; / D.a; the
( )52.It is often said that _____ teachers have ______ very easy life.
A./; / B./; a C.the; / D.the; a
( )53.Li Lei was made _____ monitor of my class.
A.an B.a C.the D./
( )54.The doctor asked me to take ______ medicine three times ______ day.
A.a; a B.a; the C.the; a D.the; the
( )55.He is fond of not only ______ but also playing the piano.
A.play basketball B.playing the basketball
C.to play basketball D.playing basketball
注:需要专项练习答案与考点解析的朋友请微信联系张老师。
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