河南省对口升学英语语法专题复习五、冠词

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冠词

复习要点提纲:

一、冠词的分类

1、定冠词the

2、不定冠词a/an

3、零冠词  \

二、知识点

熟练掌握定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的用法

复习内容:

冠词

用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。

熟练掌握定冠词the、不定冠词a/an和零冠词的基本用法。

① 定冠词“the”的用法

  1. 与名词连用,表示某个或某些特定的人或事物。如:

Many people come here to visit the temple. 很多人来这里参观这座寺庙。

Please hand me the book on the desk. 请把桌上的书递给我。

  1. 用于指说话双方都知道的人或事物。如:

Open the window, please. 请把窗户打开。

Where are the children? They are over there. 孩子们在哪儿?他们在那边。

  1. 用于乐器名词前。如:

play the piano(弹钢琴),play the violin(拉小提琴)

  1. 用于世界上独一无二的事物及表示江、河、湖、海、山脉、群岛的名词前。如:

the sun(太阳),the moon(月亮),the earth(地球),the sky(天空)

the Yangtze River(长江),the Pacific(太平洋),the West Lake(西湖),the Taiwan Straits(台湾海峡)

e.用于某些名词或形容词前,表示一类人、一个民族、阶级或阶层。如:

the Chinese(中国人),the old(老人),the young(年轻人),the rich(富人),the poor(穷人),the wounded (受伤的人),the deaf(聋子)

  1. 用在序数词前表示顺序。如:

the third floor(三楼),the first lesson(第一课)

  1. 用在形容词、副词的最高级前。如:

the longest river(最长的河),the most beautiful campus(最美丽的校园)

  1. 与姓氏的复数形式连用,表示其全家人或夫妇两人。如:

the Smiths 史密斯一家/史密斯夫妇,the Browns 布朗一家人/布朗夫妇。

  1. 用在普通名词构成的专有名词前。如:

the Capital Theatre(首都剧院),the Great Wall(长城)

  1. 用于单数可数名词前表示一类人和事物。如:

The panda is a kind of rare animal. 熊猫是一种稀有动物。

k.固定词组搭配,如:in the middle of…(在……中间),tell the truth(说真话)

  1. “the +比较级,the +比较级”表示越来越。如:

The more I read the book, the more I like it. 这本书我越看越喜欢。

  1. 上文提到的人或物。如:

This is a book. The book is mine. 这是一本书,这本书是我的。

② 不定冠词“a”和“an”的用法

a.用来表示数量“一”,意思同one。如:

I have an English dictionary and two Chinese dictionaries. 我有一本英语词典、两本汉语词典。

b.用来表示“某个”,“任何一个”,“每一”。如:

A gentleman wants to see you. 有一位先生想见你。

He goes back home twice a week. 他每周回家两次。

c.用在单数可数名词前,表示某一类人或事物中的一个。如:

I want to be a doctor in the future. 我以后想成为一名医生。

A dog is man’ s good friend. 狗是人类的好朋友。

  1. 构成词组或成语。如: a little / a few / a lot of / a kind of / a great many / many a / as a result / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while /have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on/ have a try/ have a rest等。

注意:a用在以辅音开始的单词前,如a boy, a student, a family, a university等。an用在以元音开始的单词前,如:an apple, an oil field, an egg, an ill man等。

③ 零冠词的用法

a.名词前有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, many, these等时,不用冠词。如:

This is your hat. 这是你的帽子。

He has many books. 他有很多书。

b.表示抽象概括意义时不可数名词和复数名词使用零冠词。如:

Books are my best friends. 书是我的好朋友。

Water boils at 100℃. 水在摄氏100度沸腾。

c.在称呼语和表示头衔或职务的名词前不用任何冠词。如:

What’s the matter, Uncle? 叔叔,您怎么了?

Professor Wang just came back from the United States. 王教授刚从美国回来。

d.含有day的节日名词前不用任何冠词。如:

New Year’s Day(元旦),Teachers’ Day(教师节),Children’s Day(儿童节),Mother’s Day(母亲节),Women’s Day(妇女节),National Day(国庆节)

e.球类运动、棋类游戏或表示三餐的名词前不用任何冠词,如:

He likes playing basketball and football. 他喜欢打篮球、踢足球。

We have breakfast at 7:00 every morning. 我们每天早上七点吃早餐。

f.专有名词前不用任何冠词。如:

China(中国),Class One (一班),Grade Three(三年级),Zhengzhou(郑州)

g.表示季节、月份或星期的名词前不用任何冠词。如:

I like go skating in winter. 我冬天喜欢滑冰。

She was born on November 29th, 1978. 她生于1978年11月29日。

We don’t have English class on Friday. 星期五我们没有英语课。

  1. 表示交通工具和学科名称的名词前不加冠词。如:

by car(坐汽车)   by ship(坐船)   on foot(步行)

English(英语)   French(法语)   chemistry(化学)   physics(物理)

i.固定词组搭配,如:at home(在家)   go to bed(去睡觉)   by mistake(出错)   go to school(去上学)   at table(吃饭)   at school(在学校)

冠词专项练习

(    )46._____ arrived at ten in the afternoon.

A.The Black   B.The Blacks’ C.The Black’s  D.The Blacks

(    )47._____ young must look after ______ old.

A.The; a    B.The; the C.A; a D.A; the

(    )48.He wants to be _____ engineer when he leaves school.

A.an B.the C.a D./

(    )49.Please don’t park your car here. Look at _____sign. It says “No parking”.

A.a B.the C.an D./

(    )50.—Did you do well in ______ English exam last week?

—Yes, I got _____“A”.

A.an; the B.the; an C.a; / D.the ; a

(    )51. I used to work in ______university, but now I work for ______ government.

A.an; / B.an; the  C.a; / D.a;  the

(    )52.It is often said that _____ teachers have ______ very easy life.

A./; /   B./; a C.the; / D.the; a

(    )53.Li Lei was made _____ monitor of my class.

A.an B.a C.the D./

(    )54.The doctor asked me to take ______ medicine three times ______ day.

A.a; a B.a; the  C.the; a D.the; the

(    )55.He is fond of not only ______ but also playing the piano.

A.play basketball B.playing the basketball

C.to play basketball D.playing basketball

注:需要专项练习答案与考点解析的朋友请微信联系张老师。

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